Conflict analysis and options for systemic conflict. The sudan peoples liberation movement, the ruling political party that originally led the way for independence, is now divided and fighting for power. From northsouth to nuerdinka conflict endalcachew bayeh p a g e 289 unwelcomed event for north sudan. Yei is a mediumsized city in south sudans southwest. In late december 20, following months of deteriorating political relations between the president and opposition members, armed conflict erupted between elements of the presidential guard in juba. South sudan conflict analysis brief south sudan, the worlds youngest nation, continues to struggle despite the august 2015 signature of a peace agreement.
Locals in south sudans dinka and nuer strongholds say that the recent political crisis, which. A human rights report united nations mission in south sudan. In an email interview, terrance lyons explores ties between ethiopia. But the half decade since independence has not been kind to the worlds youngest country. When the conflict began between the dinka and nuer groups, uganda entered juba, the capital of south sudan, to secure the area and allow refugees to leave the city. United nations mission in the republic of south sudan unmiss since the outbreak of the conflict on 15 december. After almost 40 years of war between the sudan government and southern insurgents, southern sudanese voted in a january 2011 referendum to secede from sudan. In 2008, the splm held its second national convention, the first since the signing of the cpa. A social and behaviour change communication initiative page 3 the following individuals from forcier consulting contributed to the field research and analysis undertaken for this develop this report. Finding peaceful resolution to the conflict in south sudan. Sudanese conflict in south kordofan and blue nile wikipedia. It lies close to the borders of two of the countrys trading partners, uganda and the democratic republic of congo. Sudan and south sudans merging conflicts crisis group. An analysis of mediation as a tool in conflict resolution in.
Conflict in south sudan and the challenges ahead congressional research service 1 background south sudan emerged in 2011 as the worlds newest country, and one of its least developed. In december 20 a civil war broke out between rival political factions, displacing millions and creating one of the worlds worst humanitarian crises. Understanding the roots of conflict in south sudan. Uganda, south sudans southern neighbor, has had an enduring role in aiding south sudan in its infant years. This includes the twelve years prior to the onset of the current civil war and all years during the conflict. South sudans current conflict leaves residents in desperate state nprs kelly mcevers speaks with justin lynch, a journalist in juba, south sudan, about the roots of the current conflict in. Tensions between the government of sudan and southern sudanese had existed since the time of sudanese independence and focused on resources, religion, and the right to selfrule. May 04, 2020 south sudan, officially the republic of south sudan and previously known as southern sudan, is a landlocked country in eastcentral africa that is part of the united nations subregion of eastern africa. As the head of state, the president has every power to stop the war and restore our dignity in the world as people. Support one another, take care of each other look out for your father, mother, sister, and, brother thats the game. Limitations anticipated impact of the economic crisis and service delivery is based on a general overview of sudan s situation. The honeymoon period is now over for the agreement on the resolution of the conflict in south sudan, which formally ended the civil war in august 2015. South sudan commemorates its fifth anniversary as an independent country on july 9. South sudan, officially the republic of south sudan and previously known as southern sudan, is a landlocked country in eastcentral africa that is part of the united nations subregion of eastern africa.
Conflict between 19551976 and 19832005 between the colonially modernised arab north and the underdeveloped christian and animist south brought widespread civilian suffering. A separatist movement emerged in southern sudan in. It is an outsiders view and will no doubt, given the complexity of south sudan, be full of gaps and generalisations. Today, there is still no end in sight to the civil war raging in south sudan. The strength of the narrative is in trying to provide nuance.
But the jubilation over this newfound freedom was fleeting, and internal strife has marred much of its short life as an independent state. The conflict has been marked by the failure of the government of the republic of south sudan. South sudans ongoing civil war tests ethiopias foreign policy. Beyond greed and grievance in south sudan analysis of. Armed conflicts report sudan 1983 first combat deaths update. The united nations mission in the republic of south sudan unmiss. The sudanese conflict in south kordofan and blue nile, also referred to by some media as the third sudanese civil war, is an ongoing armed conflict in the sudanese southern states of south kordofan and blue nile between the sudanese army saf and sudan peoples liberation movementnorth splmn, a northern affiliate of the sudan peoples. Years of international efforts to bring an end to decades of conflict by helping to negotiate the comprehensive peace agreement cpa of 2005 and the later.
Talks led by east africas igad offer the best chance to end south sudans spreading war. Apr 27, 2017 by philip thon aleu, juba, south sudan. South sudan conflict pdf download south sudan conflict. A policy workshop country case study the root causes of conflicts in sudan and the making of the darfur tradegy eltigani seisi. South sudan unrest exacerbated by conflict among cattle. Preventing renewed war in south sudan crisis group. Yei is a mediumsized city in south sudan s southwest. In response, the irc is providing urgently needed medical care, water and sanitation services, protection. The wants study to concentrate on the conflict as from 20 because of its relative importance in checking the stability of the intrasouth sudan conflict upon. The south sudanese civil war was a conflict in south sudan between forces of the government and opposition forces. Profoundly regretting the suffering and distress caused to the people of south sudan by the conflict ongoing in south sudan since 15 december 20 and apologising unconditionally to. But while all nations must join in the effort to end the sudan south sudan conflict, the difficulty of achieving a lasting peace is evident from the long history of north south enmity, mistrust and war. Mapping conflict violence in south sudan community.
The report builds upon the unmiss interim report on human rights, released on 21 february. South sudan, the worlds youngest country, gained independence on 9 july 2011 following decades of war, lengthy negotiations and a referendum to secede from sudan. Baseline assessment communicating for peace in south sudan. In december 20, president kiir accused his former deputy riek machar and ten others of attempting a coup detat. South sudans current conflict leaves residents in desperate. Conflict profile since its independence in 1956, sudan has seen an intermittent civil war. Hence, cpa brought only political divorce while the conflict between the two states continues to prevail. South sudans civil war is the result of a weakly institutionalized state and may require the african unions intervention to find peace and. Protecting civilians in a volatile environment eli stamnes the united nations mission in the republic of south sudan unmiss was established by security council resolution 1996 on 8 july 2011, in order to support this fledging state in consolidating peace and security. South sudan and the need to address key drivers of the protracted conflict.
Machar denied trying to start a coup and fled to lead the splm in opposition splmio. The northsouth conflict in historical perspective t he peoples ofsouthern sudan have suffered nearly two centuries of colonial rule under the turkoegyptian, the mahdiya, the anglo egyptian, and the postindependencenorthern regimes. In that convention, signs of power struggle emerged as riek machar sought to contest for the. South sudan unrest exacerbated by conflict among cattle herders.
Despite both the spla and the splaio signing a peace agreement in august 2015, conflict has continued across south sudan see figure 1. Candidate depaul university abstract although ethnicity is a contributing factor to the ongoing crisis in south sudan, particularly after the reescalation of violence in december of 20, the characterization of the. It is a business hub, attracting traders and customers from all three countries. South sudan since 15 december 20, which has had such disastrous economic, political and social consequences for the people of south sudan. Protests are raising security concerns and intermittent internet and electricity cuts hinder effective response usaid 14122018. Conflict profile the signing of a comprehensive peace agreement by the sudanese government and the rebel group splma brought about the end to decades of civil war, and south sudans independence in 2011. A majority of the oil lies within south sudanese territory and the government of south sudan goss receives 98% of its revenue from oil. April 27, 2017 ssb honestly, there is always a solution for any problem if given a holistic approach. There is little need to repeat yet again this rather long history. The roots of the current situations date back to 1983, when civil war resumed in sudan, led a southern militia, the sudanese peoples liberation army spla, the military arm of the sudanese peoples liberation movement. The united nations mission in the republic of south sudan. In march, i traveled there, speaking with the countrys leaders and citizens about the southern crisis and learning about the three divergent narratives circulating in juba these days that attempt to explain its roots.
Understanding the roots of conflict in south sudan council. Aug 23, 2016 south sudans current conflict leaves residents in desperate state nprs kelly mcevers speaks with justin lynch, a journalist in juba, south sudan, about the roots of the current conflict in. Its current capital is juba, which is also its largest city. International partners must put aside their disillusionment and rally to the regional bodys new igadplus mechanism to help mediators reach a deal. The state of human rights in the protracted conflict in south. January 2009 summary type of conflict parties to the conflict status of the fighting number of deaths political developments background arms sources economic factors summary. But while all nations must join in the effort to end the sudansouth sudan conflict, the difficulty of achieving a lasting peace is evident from the long history of northsouth enmity, mistrust and war. Many factors contributed to the northsouth civil war in the postindependence period. Its guarantors need to act urgently in the next days to save it and prevent the country from returning to fullscale combat. We all watch the throne, no tribes we are all the same. Republic of sudan and the new republic of south sudan or north and south sudan, for claritythe two countries were again in a state of war. Ethnic conflict in south sudan has forced more than 1 million people to flee their homes. Finding peaceful resolution to the conflict in south sudan 2 completely.
The wants study to concentrate on the conflict as from 20 because of its relative importance in checking the stability of the intra south sudan conflict upon attaining the status of a country. South sudans secession was the one thing only few south sudanese disagreed on. As its implementation faltered, violence between factions broke out again in july 2016, setting back the peace process once again. South sudan conflict pdf download south sudan conflict issue pdf download south sudan gained independence from sudan in july 2011, but the hardwon celebration was shortlived. Sudan, on the other hand, owns the entire pipeline infrastructure required to transport the oil out of sudan so it can be exported.
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