Shale gas is natural gas that is found trapped within shale formations. Use this site to educate the public about the processes involved in shale gas production, the chemicals and water used, industry impact on the local economy. Shale gas production and transportation requirements. The extraction of natural gas from shale formations is no simple task and perhaps the most expensive when compared to over unconventional gases. What is shale gas, how is it extracted through fracking.
The result of such a process can be far more damaging than a 20% cost overrun on a. An assessment of oil shale technologies part 7 of 18. Liquefied natural gas american petroleum institute. Easytoread understand overview of the chemistry, engineering, and technology of shale oil. Clean cities white paper template us department of energy. It is this process that forms a potential shale oil or shale gas reservoir. Composition variety complicates processing plans for us. While there are oil or gasonly installations, more often the wellstream will consist of a full range of hydrocarbons from gas. But all shale gas is not the same, and gas processing requirements for shale gas can vary from area to area. Shale gas is natural gas produced from shale formations that typically function as both the reservoir and the source rocks for the natural gas. Changes in reserves and production natural gas production and reserves are at levels not seen since the 1970s and both u. From microseismic to simulation a horn river case study o joint paper with cmg and nexen iptc14940 evaluation in data rich fayatteville shale gas. Most critics support the production of natural gas from shale.
Shale gas has become an increasingly important source of natural gas in the united states since the start of this century, and interest has spread to potential gas shales in the rest of the world. In terms of chemical makeup, shale gas is typically a dry gas composed primarily of methane 6095% vv, but some formations do produce wet gas. Hydraulic fracturing commonly known as fracking is the process used to extract shale gas. What further work is needed if shale gas exploration and production. This contrasts with a conventional gas reservoir produced from sands and carbonates such as. However, the well development and gas extraction processes differ widely.
Analyze production process to determine subsurface designs reservoir characteristics surface processing facilities. Fracking for shale gas production 5 1 introduction 1. Growth in argentinas vaca muerta shale and tight gas production leads to lng exports july 9, 2019 in 2018, 90% of the natural gas used in the united states was produced domestically. Office of fossil energy natural gas production from shale. The study objective was to quantify net water use for shalegas production using data from texas, which is the dominant producer of shale gas in the u. The scale of the potential for shale gas extraction in the. Shale gas exploration and production key issues and.
Written in an easy to read format, shale gas production processes will prove useful for those scientists and. Environmental safeguards on shale gas production needed as china begins development. Here we assess the level of ghg emissions from shale gas. Shale gas exploration and production key issues and responsible business practices guidance note for financiers this guidance note has been produced to assist financial institutions in their internal conversations and decisionmaking with regard to risks and responsible business practices associated with shale gas production. Methods which should reduce environmental footprint. However, some oil or natural gas will always be retained within the shale, adsorbed on to kerogen and clay particles, and filling pore spaces and natural fractures. Download citation shale gas production processes the extraction of natural gas from shale. Spe references csugspe 1pp shale gas modeling workflow. The problem, then, is that a shaleoil only search strategy. Shale production billion cubic feet decade year0 year1 year2 year3 year4 year5 year6 year7 year8 year9. The main difference between tight gas and shale gas, however, is that tight gas can be found in low permeability sedimentary rocks, such as sandstones, while shale gas. Shale oil extraction is an industrial process for unconventional oil production. Shale gas is the term often used to describe both tight gas and shale gas resources. Shale gas production hydraulic fracturing is a key technique that has enabled the economic production of natural gas from shale deposits, or plays.
Understanding shale oil and the controversial practice of frackington 720p duration. Use this site to educate the public about the processes involved in shale gas production, the. Composition variety complicates processing plans for us shale gas by. Shale gas production processes 1st edition elsevier. This is quickly followed by selfcontained chapters concerning new and evolving process technologies and their applications as well as environmental regulations. Currently, a weak energy market threatens production of oil and gas from the marcellus shale. Shale gas proved reserves, reserves changes, and production. In addition to the recent development of the barnett shale, oil and gas production from other geologic formations. The amount of water used to produce energy by source ranges from five litres 1. The us story and its implications, global energy center senior fellow ellen scholl looks at the factors which enabled the rise of oil and gas production from shale. Although, its popularity has grown over the years, there is much to be done to make their production and processing more costeffective. Determine which method of production of shale oil is the most feasible. Due to the comparative complexity of nonconventional oil and gas extraction processes, lifecycles for nonconventional resources such as shale oil and gas are likely to take longer at the appraisal and develop phases. This process converts kerogen in oil shale into shale oil by pyrolysis, hydrogenation, or thermal dissolution.
Shale oil and gas are exactly the same product as oil and natural gas from conventional extraction. In the oil and natural gas industry over much of the 20th century, finding. Emissions from natural gas production in the barnett shale. The extraction of natural gas from shale formations is no simple task and perhaps the most.
Written in an easy to read format, shale gas production processes. As an example, natural gas production will increase fertilizer production, since gas is the primary feedstock for this process. Shale gas formations are unconventional reservoirs i. Shale gas production requires less water than conventional production of oil and other forms of energy. Oil shale does not contain oil oroil shale does not contain oil or made of shalemade of shale instead, it is deposits of kerogeninstead, it is deposits of. How is shale gas extracted through hydraulic fracturing fracking. Analysts expect shale gas will greatly expand worldwide energy supply unconventional gas production is expected to rise from 42% in 2007 to 64% in 2010 there is enough shale gas to support the u.
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